i-β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (i-asidi yamahhala) (i-NAD)
I-NAD iyi-coenzyme evame kakhulu ye-dehydrogenase ezintweni eziphilayo. Ihlanganyela ekuphenduleni kwe-redox ezintweni eziphilayo, futhi ithutha futhi idlulise ama-electron ukuze abe yizinto ezisabelayo. I-Dehydrogenase idlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metabolism yomuntu. Ezinye izinyakazo eziyisisekelo zomzimba womuntu, njengokubola kwamaprotheni, ukubola kwama-carbohydrate, kanye nokubola kwamafutha, azikwazi ukwenziwa ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle kwe-dehydrogenase, futhi abantu bazolahlekelwa izimpawu ezibalulekile. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-NAD ne-dehydrogenase kungakhuthaza i-metabolism, ngakho-ke i-NAD iyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba womuntu. Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, ingahlukaniswa ngamamaki alandelayo: ibanga le-biotransformation, ibanga le-diagnostic reagent, ibanga lokudla okunempilo, i-API kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokulungiselela.
| Igama Lekhemikhali | I-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (i-asidi yamahhala) |
| Amagama afanayo | i-β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| Inombolo ye-CAS | 53-84-9 |
| Isisindo sama-molecule | 663.43 |
| Ifomula Yamamolekyuli | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| I-EINECS: | 200-184-4 |
| Indawo yokuncibilika | 140-142 °C (ukuhlukana) |
| izinga lokushisa lokugcina. | -20°C |
| ukuncibilika | H2O: 50 mg/mL |
| ifomu | Impuphu |
| umbala | Okumhlophe |
| I-Merck | 14,6344 |
| I-BRN | 3584133 |
| Ukuzinza: | Izinzile. I-Hygroscopic. Ayihambisani nezinto ezinamandla zokukhipha i-oxidizing. |
| I-InChIKey | I-BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-WWRWIPRPSA-N |
| Into Yokuhlola | Imininingwane |
| Ukubukeka | Impuphu yekristalu emhlophe kuya kwemhlophe kakhulu |
| Ukuhlaziywa kwe-UV spectral εku-260 nm kanye ne-pH engu-7.5 | (18±1.0)×10³ L/mol/cm |
| Ukuncibilika | 25mg/mL 25mg/mL emanzini |
| Okuqukethwe (ngokuhlaziywa kwe-enzyme nge-ADH ku-pH 10, kusetshenziswa i-spectrophotometer, i-abs.340nm, ngesisekelo se-anhydrous) | ≥98.0% |
| Ukuhlolwa (nge-HPLC, ngesisekelo se-anhydrous) | 98.0~102.0% |
| Ubumsulwa (nge-HPLC, %indawo) | ≥99.0% |
| Okuqukethwe kwamanzi (nge-KF) | ≤3% |
Iphakheji:Ibhodlela, isikhwama sefoyile ye-aluminium, i-25kg/i-Cardboard Drum, noma ngokwezidingo zekhasimende.
Isimo Sokugcina:Gcina ivalwe ngokuqinile ebumnyameni, ukuze igcinwe isikhathi eside, gcina ku-2 ~ 8℃.
Izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-Bio: Lingasetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kwe-biocatalytic kwama-medic intermediates nama-API, ikakhulukazi ngama-enzyme e-catalytic, njenge-ketoreductase (KRED), i-nitroreductase (NTR), i-P450 monooxygenase (CYP), i-formate dehydrogenase (FDH)), i-glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), njll., okungabambisana ukuguqula ama-amino acid intermediates ahlukahlukene kanye neminye imithi ehlobene. Njengamanje, izimboni eziningi zemithi zasekhaya seziqalile ukusebenzisa indawo yama-enzyme e-biological, futhi isidingo semakethe se-NAD+ sikhula ngokushesha.
Izinga le-reagent yokuxilonga: Kuhlanganiswe nezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-enzyme okuxilonga, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhithi okuxilonga.
Izinga lokudla okunempilo: I-NAD iyi-coenzyme ye-dehydrogenase. Idlala indima engenakuphikwa ku-glycolysis, i-gluconeogenesis, umjikelezo we-tricarboxylic acid, kanye nochungechunge lokuphefumula, idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamandla, futhi isiza ekukhiqizweni kwe-L-dopa, eba yi-dopamine Neurotransmitters. Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva nje, kutholakale ukuthi "iyinjini" kanye "nophethiloli" enkambisweni yokulungisa umonakalo weseli. Ngokusho kocwaningo, ukwengezwa kwama-coenzyme (kufaka phakathi i-NMN, i-NR, i-NAD, i-NADH) ku-vitro kungathuthukisa amandla e-antioxidant amaseli ezicubu, kuvimbele ukuhanjiswa kwe-apoptosis, kubuyisele ukusebenza kweseli okuvamile, kuvimbele ukwenzeka kwesifo noma kuvimbele ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-coenzyme angathuthukisa ikhono lokuphendula komzimba ngokuvula nokukhuthaza ukuvuthwa kwamaseli omzimba angaphakathi, akhiqize izinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala futhi acindezele amaseli e-T alawulayo. Isimo se-oxidation se-Nicotinamide dinucleotide (NAD+) siyi-coenzyme etholakala kuwo wonke amaseli aphilayo. Idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ze-metabolic kumaseli, ihlanganyela ezinkulungwaneni zezimpendulo zomzimba, futhi iyilungu elibaluleke kakhulu le-electron transport chain. Umnikeli we-hydrogen; ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-coenzyme I isebenza njengesisekelo sodwa sama-enzyme ahlobene emzimbeni, isiza ukugcina umsebenzi wama-enzyme.
I-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) iyisakhi esiyinhloko se-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidation state (NAD+), ehilelekile ekwakhiweni kwe-NAD in vivo. Ngo-2013, uSolwazi uDavid Sinclair waseHarvard Medical School wathola ukuthi ngokukhula, izinga le-cofactor coenzyme I (NAD+) leprotheyini yokuphila isikhathi eside emzimbeni liyaqhubeka nokwehla, okuholela ekwehleni komsebenzi we-mitochondrial we-"dynamo" yeseli, okubangela ukuguga, kanye nezici ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwalolu hlobo lomsebenzi kukhiqizwa ngaleyo ndlela. Ngokusho kochungechunge lwakhe lwezifundo, okuqukethwe kwe-NAD+ emzimbeni womuntu kwehla ngokuguga, okuholela ekugugeni okusheshayo kusukela eminyakeni engama-30, kanye nemibimbi, ukuphumula kwemisipha, ukuqongelela kwamafutha, kanye nezifo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sohlangothi, isifo sikashukela kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's okwandisiwe ingozi. Isihluthulelo sokuphila isikhathi eside ukwandisa izinga le-coenzyme I (NAD+) emzimbeni, ukwandisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kweseli, nokukhuthaza amandla obusha angaba khona.
I-API kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokulungiselela: I-NAD+ isetshenziswa emijovweni yokwelapha/ukulawula umlutha wezidakamizwa, okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa ngemithambo ye-NAD IV okwenziwa e-United States, eYurophu, eRussia, eNingizimu Afrika, eMexico, eNingizimu Melika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwamanye amazwe. Imikhiqizo elungiselelwe yikhemisi, efana nekhemisi yaseMelika, ingathenga izinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze izikhiphe zodwa, njengezinto zokulungiselela izibhedlela zaseShayina, ilawula ikhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa zodwa, futhi ilungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe yimithi.
